Timeline of Alexander Graham Bell: 1847 to 1922 and 1847 to 1868
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| Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor. Bell, who patented the telephone in 1876, as a young man. |
1847
March 3
Alexander Bell is born to Alexander Melville and Eliza Symonds Bell in
Edinburgh, Scotland. He is the second of three sons; his siblings are Melville
(b. 1845) and Edward (b. 1848).
1858
Bell
adopts the name Graham out of admiration for Alexander Graham, a family friend,
and becomes known as Alexander Graham Bell.
1862
October
Alexander Graham Bell arrives in London to spend a year with his grandfather,
Alexander Bell.
1863
August
Bell begins teaching music and elocution at Weston House Academy in Elgin,
Scotland, and receives instruction in Latin and Greek for a year.
1864
April
Alexander Melville Bell develops Visible Speech, a kind of universal alphabet
that reduces all sounds made by the human voice into a series of symbols.
Visible
Speech Chart
Fall Alexander Graham Bell attends the University of Edinburgh.
Fall Alexander Graham Bell attends the University of Edinburgh.
1865-66
Bell
returns to Elgin to teach and experiments with vowel pitches and tuning forks.
1866-67
Bell
teaches at Somersetshire College in Bath.
1867
May 17
Younger brother Edward Bell dies of tuberculosis at the age of 19.
Summer Alexander Melville Bell publishes his definitive work on Visible Speech, Visible Speech: The Science of Universal Alphabetics.
Summer Alexander Melville Bell publishes his definitive work on Visible Speech, Visible Speech: The Science of Universal Alphabetics.
1868
May 21
Alexander Graham Bell begins teaching speech to the deaf at Susanna Hull's
school for deaf children in London.
Bell attends University College in London.
Bell attends University College in London.
1870
May 28
Older brother Melville Bell dies of tuberculosis at the age of 25.
July-August Alexander Graham Bell, his parents, and his sister-in-law, Carrie Bell, emigrate to Canada and settle in Brantford, Ontario.
July-August Alexander Graham Bell, his parents, and his sister-in-law, Carrie Bell, emigrate to Canada and settle in Brantford, Ontario.
1871
April
Moving to Boston, Alexander Graham Bell begins teaching at the Boston School
for Deaf Mutes.
1872
March-June
Alexander Graham Bell teaches at the Clarke School for the Deaf in Boston and
at the American Asylum for the Deaf in Hartford, Connecticut.
April 8 Alexander Graham Bell meets Boston attorney Gardiner Greene Hubbard, who will become one of his financial backers and his father-in-law.
Fall Alexander Graham Bell opens his School of Vocal Physiology in Boston and starts experimenting with the multiple telegraph. Brochure for Bell's School of Vocal Physiology
1873
Boston
University appoints Bell Professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at its
School of Oratory. Mabel Hubbard, his future wife, becomes one of his private
pupils.
1874
Spring
Alexander Graham Bell conducts acoustics experiments at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. He and Clarence Blake, a Boston ear specialist, begin
experimenting with the mechanics of the human ear and the phonautograph, a
device that could translate sound vibrations into visible tracings.
Summer In Brantford, Ontario, Bell first conceives of the idea for the telephone. (Bell's original sketch of the telephone) Bell meets Thomas Watson, a young electrician who would become his assistant, at Charles Williams's electrician shop in Boston.
Summer In Brantford, Ontario, Bell first conceives of the idea for the telephone. (Bell's original sketch of the telephone) Bell meets Thomas Watson, a young electrician who would become his assistant, at Charles Williams's electrician shop in Boston.
1875
January
Watson begins working with Bell more regularly.
February Thomas Sanders, a wealthy leather merchant whose deaf son studied with Bell, and Gardiner Greene Hubbard enter into a formal partnership with Bell in which they provide financial backing for his inventions.
March 1-2 Alexander Graham Bell visits noted scientist Joseph Henry at the Smithsonian Institution and explains to him his idea for the telephone. Henry recognizes the significance of Bell's work and offers him encouragement.
November 25 Mabel Hubbard and Bell become engaged to be married.
February Thomas Sanders, a wealthy leather merchant whose deaf son studied with Bell, and Gardiner Greene Hubbard enter into a formal partnership with Bell in which they provide financial backing for his inventions.
March 1-2 Alexander Graham Bell visits noted scientist Joseph Henry at the Smithsonian Institution and explains to him his idea for the telephone. Henry recognizes the significance of Bell's work and offers him encouragement.
November 25 Mabel Hubbard and Bell become engaged to be married.
1876
February 14
Bell's telephone patent application is filed at the United States Patent
Office; Elisha Gray's attorney files a caveat for a telephone just a
few hours later.
March 7 United States Patent No. 174,465 is officially issued for Bell's telephone.
March 10 Intelligible human speech is heard over the telephone for the first time when Bell calls to Watson, "Mr. Watson.Come here. I want to see you."
June 25 Bell demonstrates the telephone for Sir William Thomson (Baron Kelvin) and Emperor Pedro II of Brazil at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia.
March 7 United States Patent No. 174,465 is officially issued for Bell's telephone.
March 10 Intelligible human speech is heard over the telephone for the first time when Bell calls to Watson, "Mr. Watson.Come here. I want to see you."
June 25 Bell demonstrates the telephone for Sir William Thomson (Baron Kelvin) and Emperor Pedro II of Brazil at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia.
1877
July 9
Bell, Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Thomas Sanders, and Thomas Watson form the Bell
Telephone Company.
July 11 Mabel Hubbard and Bell are married.
August 4 Bell and his wife leave for England and remain there for a year.
July 11 Mabel Hubbard and Bell are married.
August 4 Bell and his wife leave for England and remain there for a year.
1878
January 14
Alexander Graham Bell demonstrates the telephone for Queen Victoria.
May 8 Elsie May Bell, a daughter, is born.
September 12 Patent litigation involving the Bell Telephone Company against Western Union Telegraph Company and Elisha Gray begins.
May 8 Elsie May Bell, a daughter, is born.
September 12 Patent litigation involving the Bell Telephone Company against Western Union Telegraph Company and Elisha Gray begins.
1879
February-March The Bell Telephone Company merges with the New
England Telephone Company to become the National Bell Telephone Company.
November 10 Western Union and the National Bell Telephone Company reach a settlement.
November 10 Western Union and the National Bell Telephone Company reach a settlement.
1880
The
National Bell Telephone Company becomes the American Bell Telephone Company.
February 15 Marian (Daisy) Bell, a daughter, is born.
Bell and his young associate, Charles Sumner Tainter, invent the photophone, an apparatus that transmits sound through light.
Fall The French government awards the Volta Prize for scientific achievement in electricity to Alexander Graham Bell. He uses the prize money to set up the Volta Laboratory as a permanent, self-supporting experimental laboratory devoted to invention.
February 15 Marian (Daisy) Bell, a daughter, is born.
Bell and his young associate, Charles Sumner Tainter, invent the photophone, an apparatus that transmits sound through light.
Fall The French government awards the Volta Prize for scientific achievement in electricity to Alexander Graham Bell. He uses the prize money to set up the Volta Laboratory as a permanent, self-supporting experimental laboratory devoted to invention.
1881
At the
Volta Laboratory, Bell, his cousin, Chichester Bell, and Charles Sumner Tainter
invent a wax cylinder for Thomas Edison's phonograph.
July-August When President Garfield is shot, Bell attempts unsuccessfully to locate the bullet inside his body by using an electromagnetic device called an induction balance ( metal detector).
August 15 Death in infancy of Bell's son, Edward (b. 1881).
July-August When President Garfield is shot, Bell attempts unsuccessfully to locate the bullet inside his body by using an electromagnetic device called an induction balance ( metal detector).
August 15 Death in infancy of Bell's son, Edward (b. 1881).
1882
November
Bell is granted American citizenship.
1883
At Scott
Circle in Washington, D.C., Bell starts a day school for deaf children.
Alexander Graham Bell is elected to the National Academy of Sciences.
With Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Bell funds the publication of Science, a journal that would communicate new research to the American scientific community.
November 17 Death in infancy of Bell's son, Robert (b. 1883).
Alexander Graham Bell is elected to the National Academy of Sciences.
With Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Bell funds the publication of Science, a journal that would communicate new research to the American scientific community.
November 17 Death in infancy of Bell's son, Robert (b. 1883).
1885
March 3
The American Telephone & Telegraph Company is formed to manage the
expanding long-distance business of the American Bell Telephone Company.
1886
Bell
establishes the Volta Bureau as a center for studies on the deaf.
Summer Bell begins buying land on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia. There he eventually builds his summer home, Beinn Bhreagh.
Summer Bell begins buying land on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia. There he eventually builds his summer home, Beinn Bhreagh.
1887
February
Bell meets six-year-old blind and deaf Helen Keller in Washington, D.C. He helps
her family find a private teacher by recommending that her father seek help
from Michael Anagnos, director of the Perkins Institution for the Blind.
1890
August-September Alexander Graham Bell and his supporters form the
American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf.
December 27 Letter from Mark Twain to Gardiner G. Hubbard, " The Father-in-law of the Telephone"
December 27 Letter from Mark Twain to Gardiner G. Hubbard, " The Father-in-law of the Telephone"
1892
October
Alexander Graham Bell participates in the formal opening of long-distance
telephone service between New York and Chicago. Photograph
1897
Death of
Gardiner Greene Hubbard; Alexander Graham Bell is elected President of the
National Geographic Society in his stead.
1898
AlexanderGraham Bell is elected a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution.
1899
December 30
Acquiring the American Bell Telephone Company's business and property, the
American Telephone and Telegraph Company becomes the parent company of the Bell
System.
1900
October
Elsie Bell marries Gilbert Grosvenor, the National Geographic Magazine editor.
1901
Winter
Bell invents the tetrahedral kite, whose shape of four triangular sides would
prove to be light, strong, and rigid.
1905
April
Daisy Bell marries botanist David Fairchild.
1907
October 1
Glenn Curtiss, Thomas Selfridge, Casey Baldwin, J.A.D. McCurdy, and Bell form
the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), which is funded by Mabel Hubbard Bell.
1909
February 23
The AEA's Silver Dart makes the first flight of a heavier-than-air machine in
Canada.
1915
January 25
Alexander Graham Bell takes part in the formal opening of the transcontinental
telephone line by talking on the telephone in New York to Watson in San
Francisco. Invitation from Theodore Vail to Alexander Graham Bell
1919
September 9
Bell and Casey Baldwin's HD-4, a hydrofoil craft, sets a world marine speed
record.
1922
August 2
Alexander Graham Bell dies and is buried at Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia.
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